Histological and Immunohistochemical Variability in Microsatellite Instability-Associated Endometrial Carcinoma

Abstract

Background: Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in women. Endometrial cancer is a prevalent gynecological malignancy in women, accounting for roughly 2% of cancer-related fatalities globally.
Objective: To examine the prevalence of microsatellite instability (MSI) in endometrial cancer within our community and its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics.
Patients and method: A cross-sectional study in which all patients who previously diagnosed with primary endometrial carcinomas and underwent for surgical resection during the period of the study were included, Patients with history of pre-operative chemotherapy or radiation therapy were excluded from the study. We review the patient's medical reports, and they were contacted to disclose their personal and familial cancer histories indicative of hereditary cancer predisposition.
Results: The study showed no differences regarding age group (years), menopausal status. Table 1 revealed that no differences between Tumor stage, FIGO stage, FIGO grade (P>0.05), while significant connotation were noticed among each of Tumor stage, cervical invasion, adnexal involvement lympho-vascular invasion, and recurrence between the studied group (P<0.05), while significant differences found regarding Nodal stage, and family history in the studied group (P<0.001).
Conclusion: A significant prevalence of endometrioid tumors in our investigation had aberrant levels of MSI markers, predominantly indicating diminished MLH1/PMS2, and were not linked to hereditary cancer predisposition. A minority of cases exhibited a complete loss of all MSI indicators or an absence of MSH2/MSH6, which was substantially correlated with a family or individual history of malignancy.