Cytomorphological, cultural and immunogenic properties of Trichomonas vaginalis

Abstract

For many decades, researchers have been studying the structural and functional characteristics of T. vaginalis of a typical pear-shaped form. Other atypical morphological forms of T. vaginalis have not yet been described and studied in sufficient detail. The complexity of laboratory diagnostic procedures for trichomoniasis is associated with the identification of atypical round forms of the protozoan in clinical material, as well as with their differentiation from other cellular elements. Paradoxically, despite the fact that researchers recognize the presence of various forms on laboratory diagnostics of urogenital trichomoniasis regulate the differentiation of exclusively typical, pear-shaped forms of T. vaginalis. It is extremely important in the current situation to obtain detailed descriptions of the cytomorphological characteristics of all morphotypes of trichomonads necessary for identifying the pathogen using various microscopy methods. It is relevant to study the cytomorphological polymorphism of T. vaginalis cells and its biological meaning, assess their viability under cultivation conditions and in an in vitro infection model. To date, information on the metabolism of virulent forms, which cannot be maintained in periodic cultures for a long time, is extremely limited. The aim of the study is to determine the diagnostic value of cytomorphological, cultural and immunogenic properties of Trichomonas vaginalis and to substantiate recommendations for increasing the effectiveness of laboratory diagnostics of trichomoniasis.