Prevalence Peripheral Arterial Disease in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome and the Main Risk factors

Abstract

Background: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS ) is the most serious pathology during the clinical course of coronary heart disease (CHD). Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is often under estimated. With the use of Ankle brachial index (ABI) diagnosis of PAD can done easily and increase the detection rate of asymptomatic patients.

Objective: To assess the frequency of PAD and its risk factors among group of Iraqi patients presented with acute coronary syndrome.

Patients and Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted at Imam Hussein Medical City in Karbala province during the period August 2021to January 2023. A total of 100 patients presented with acute coronary syndrome during the study period were enrolled regardless their age or gender.

Results: Peripheral arterial disease was reported in 40 cases (40%) of them 60% were asymptomatic. A significant association was found between higher frequency of PAD and each of older age, male gender, family history of CAD, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, current smoking, and higher body mass index, (P. value<0.05). Severe PAD associated with having more than one risk factor.

Conclusion: Peripheral artery disease particularly asymptomatic was frequent in patients with acute coronary syndrome. PAD. Older age, male gender , family history of CAD, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, current smoking and higher body mass index were significant risk factors of PAD in ACS patients , presence of more than one risk factor, increases the risk of having more sever PAD